Articles with tag: «medical and demographic situation»
-
2023 № 1 Medical and demographic indicators of the population older than working age in the conditions of pension reform in the Russian Federation
Purpose of the study. Based on the study of medical and demographic indicators and analysis of the incidence of the population, develop recommendations for the health protection of the population older than working age in the context of the transition to pension reform.
Materials and methods: sociological, statistical, direct observation. The materials of the Federal State Statistics Service and statistical materials of the TsNIIOIZ of the Ministry of Health of Russia for 2012–2021 were used.
Results. The mortality rate of the population older than working age in the Russian Federation (2020) amounted to 4408,1‰oo, the total population – 1460,2‰oo, in the federal districts of the Russian Federation the indicators fluctuated 1,2 times: from 3818,7‰oo in the North- Caucasian Federal District to 4638,6‰oo in the Volga Federal District, in the subjects of the Russian Federation the difference is 3 times. The indicator of primary morbidity of the studied contingent in the Russian Federation (2020) was 57041,4‰oo, in the Federal District the difference in indicators is 1,25 times, in the constituent entities of the Russian Federation – 3,9 times. The incidence of COVID‑19 in 2020 was 4373,9‰oo, in the Federal District the difference in indicators is 2,2 times, in the subjects of the Russian Federation it is large – 10,6 times, which allows us to conclude that the coding of COVID‑19 is ambiguous. Comparative analysis of the primary incidence of the study population by disease classes in 2019 and 2020 showed an increase in the indicator by 8,9% due to respiratory diseases by 40,8%, the incidence of COVID‑19 in 2020 was 4357,6‰oo. In all other classes, the indicators decreased as a result of a decrease in dispensary and preventive work. During the period of analysis in people older than working age, the increase in the primary morbidity rate is higher – 8,9% than in the total population – 5,7%, which indicates the need to strengthen dispensary and preventive work with the older population. The article gives recommendations on the health protection of the population older than working age. -
2022 № 7 On the issue of the current state of the medical and demographic situation in Russia
At the present stage in Russia, the main strategic initiatives aimed at improving medical and demographic processes are set out in a number of regulatory documents presented in the form of national projects, concepts, strategies and other federal projects, while special attention is required to study and monitor these indicators of public health of the population.
Purpose of the study is analysis of the medical and demographic situation in Russia and in individual subjects in recent years, making proposals to improve the processes of fertility and mortality, migration growth.
Materials and methods. Scientific publications, official statistical data and analytical materials of Rosstat, data from the
statistical collection of the SFO were used as research materials. Statistical data processing was carried out using SPSS, Excel‑2007 packages. The main research methods were: the study and generalization of experience, information-analytical, statistical, bibliographic.
Results. The analysis of the dynamics of indicators of the demographic situation in the Russian Federation determined a low degree of compliance with the priorities of the state policy; there was a negative dynamics and a discrepancy between the actual value of the planned target indicators, therefore, in order to eliminate the existing problems, it is necessary to take into account the specifics of individual territories when setting and formulating strategic directions and initiatives on this problem.
Findings. The results of the study indicate the need for constant monitoring of the main demographic indicators, considering certain directions and the course of the state policy pursued in this direction. -
2022 № 7 Analysis of morbidity and staffing of the population of rural areas in the Russian Federation
Rural health care is the most important socio-economic resource in the system of the agrarian economy.
Purpose of the study. Based on medical and demographic indicators and analysis of morbidity and staffing of the rural population, develop proposals for improving the organization of medical care for rural residents.
M a t e r i a l s a n d m e t h o d s : analytical, statistical, direct observation. The article used the forms of federal statistical observation of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation.
R e s u l t s . The mortality rate of the rural population over the 20 years of analysis for all the years has been and remains higher than that of the urban population. In 2020, there was a sharp increase in the mortality of the population: urban – from 11,9 to 14,3‰, rural – from 13,3 to 15,4‰, which is associated with the COVID‑19 pandemic. The indicators of the general and newly diagnosed morbidity of the rural population are lower than those of the urban population, which is associated with the low availability of medical care to the rural population.
The ranking of indicators of the general incidence of the rural population in the federal districts of the Russian Federation (2020) showed that the difference in indicators was 1,5 times. The highest indicator was noted in the Volga Federal District – 142220,6‰00, the lowest in the Far Eastern Federal District – 96922,8‰00. In the subjects of the Russian Federation, the difference in indicators is 8 times. Lower rates of primary morbidity in the rural population than in the urban population were noted for all classes of diseases. The incidence of COVID‑19 among rural residents was 2151,9‰00, lower than in urban areas – 4539,5‰00, in the Russian Federation the figure was 3384,5‰00. In 2020, the primary morbidity rate of the rural population decreased for all classes of diseases, except for respiratory diseases. In dynamics (2014–2020), the provision of medical organizations located in rural areas increased with doctors from 12,1 to 14,0‰0, with nurses from 44,4 to 50,3‰0, the number of physical EMS persons decreased by 14,8%, paramedics – by 11,6%, the number of FAPs and AFs decreased by 8,9%. The analysis shows that the Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation dated 02.02.2015 No. 151-r “Target indicators of the strategy for sustainable development of rural areas of the Russian Federation for the period up to 2030” is not being implemented.
C o n c l u s i o n . Proposals for providing medical care to the population of rural areas are presented -
2023 № 3 Scientific substantiation of proposals for improving medical care for villagers.
P u r p o s e o f t h e s t u d y : based on the analysis of the medical and demographic situation and the staffing of the rural population, develop proposals for improving medical care for the villagers.
M a t e r i a l s a n d m e t h o d s : statistical, analytical, direct observation. The article used the forms of state statistical observation of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation. The results of the actual research.
Materials and methods: statistical, analytical, direct observation, the forms of state statistical observation of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation were used.
R e s u l t s . The rural population in the Russian Federation (2021) is 36,9 million people (25,2% of the country’s population). The proportion of the rural population of working age was 53,8%, which is lower than in Russia as a whole – 56%. A 21-year analysis showed that the birth rate of the rural population increased until 2012, while mortality rates decreased, in 2013 the mortality and birth rates became equal and amounted to 14,5‰ each, in 2020 the death rate increased to 15,4‰ due to the COVID‑19 pandemic. The average (expected) life expectancy of the rural population (70,7 years) is lower than that of the urban population (71,8 years); the indicator for rural men is extremely low (66 years). The
overall incidence of the rural population is 1,4 times lower than that of the urban population, 117993,2 and 166901,5‰oo respectively. Primary morbidity is also 1,5 times lower (55082,4 and 83002,2‰oo, respectively). The difference in primary morbidity rates of the rural population in the federal districts (2020) was 1,3 times, in the constituent entities – 8,3 times. The incidence of COVID‑19 in the rural adult population (2020) was 1986,0‰oo, which is 2 times lower than in the Russian Federation as a whole (3913.9‰oo). There was a significant difference in these indicators (by 59 times) in the subjects of the Russian Federation, which can be associated with a lower density of the rural population,
low availability of medical care in the countryside, as well as the ambiguity of COVID‑19 coding. For 6 years (2016–2021), the provision of doctors in medical organizations in rural areas in the Russian Federation decreased from 14,8 to 13,6‰o, and of nurses – from 54,6 to 49,3‰o. The number of nursing staff individuals working for feldsher-obstetric station decreased by 12,5%, paramedics – by 9,4%. Given the special importance of paramedical assistance in the countryside, the reduction in the number of paramedics should be considered a negative.
C o n c l u s i o n . The unfavorable medical and demographic situation in the countryside requires the development of organizational and managerial decisions aimed at increasing the availability of medical care to the villagers.
C o n c l u s i o n s . Proposals have been developed to improve the provision of medical care to the population of rural areas.