Articles with tag: «computed tomography»
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2017 № 5 The efficiency of using the hardware diagnostic radiology in subjects of the Russian Federation
The article analyzes the data of state statistical observation for the period from 2011 to 2015. The analysis of the indicators of the number of radiation diagnostic devices, namely, radiographic apparatus, computer tomography and magnetic resonance tomography, the number of studies carried out on them and the number of radiologists working on this equipment. The load on each device in different regions is determined. The most effective regions for the use of the fleet of radiation diagnostic equipment and their congestion have been determined. The results of the study confirm the hypothesis that the effectiveness of the operation of the radiation diagnostics service does not depend on the amount of equipping the equipment of the regions with radiation diagnostic devices. This study made it possible to identify regions with the maximum and minimum efficiency of the operation of the radiation diagnostics service.
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2018 № 2 Analysis of CT utilization for primary care clinics of the large city
We studied the use of CT scans in forty-five polyclinics in a large city. The maximum load per unit was 657 exams per month. The average load was 220 exams per month (CI 95% 208–231). No direct correlation was found between the exam volume and the size of the population served by the polyclinic (r = 0.47). The average CT utiliza- tion was 14.4 exams per 1000 adults inhabitants (CI 95% 12.4–16.5). The age-specific patterns of CT usage were revealed. For population within the age group of 18 to 45 years the frequency of CT usage gradually increased from 4.24 to 5.94 per 1000 people. Most often CT was used within the age group of 70-year-olds. Within this group, the number of tests reached 30.6 per 1000 adults inhabitants. In the older age groups, the number of exams was lower. In polyclinics without an MRI scanner, the structure of CT exams differed. The share of brain exams among all CT exams was 18% (compared to 10.8% in MRI equiped polyclinics), the share of spine exams was 17.7% (compared to 9.5% in MRI equiped polyclinics). Evidence is obtained of a multiple increase in the frequency of use of contrast media for CT in response to a complex of educational, control and economic interventions
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2023 № 9 Study of emphysematous changes in the population of Moscow using automated evaluation of radiological examinations.
Background. Emphysema, commonly seen in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), worsens the course of chronic cardiovascular and endocrine diseases and is also associated with an increased risk of lung cancer. Although the evaluation of COPD incidence is applied systematically, the prevalence of emphysema is often not known. One of the ways to offset that is automated analysis of chest CT scans using artificial intelligence technologies.
Goal. To study the prevalence of emphysema in the population of Moscow using automated analysis of radiological examinations.
Methods. The results of the chest CT scan of 116,216 patients were analyzed. All studies were performed between October 2022 and June 2023 in Moscow medical facilities. The Emphysema-IRA AI service (Intelligent Radiology Assistance Laboratories (AIRA Labs) LLC) used an automated mode to determine the presence of emphysematous changes in the lungs (binary classification – yes/no) and the percentage of emphysematous lesions in both lungs and each lung separately.
Results. The prevalence of pulmonary emphysema among the Moscow population was 0.614 per 1,000 people; the prevalence of clinically significant emphysema was 0.173 per 1,000 people. The majority of individuals presented with either pulmonary or clinically significant emphysema in CT belong to the elderly group (47.0% and 55.0%, respectively); the proportion of young people is also significant (9.0% and 5.0%). Men of all age groups have a significantly higher chance to get diagnosed with emphysema which suggests a higher incidence compared to the female population (Chi-square = 1000.0; p<0.001). Regardless of gender, a 5-year increase in age elevates the likelihood of both emphysema and clinically significant emphysema by 1.1 times.
Conclusions. Automated detection of signs of pulmonary emphysema on CT allows for a quick, population-wide, and objective assessment of the COPD prevalence. Thanks to the development of AI-based medical software, it has become possible to develop and implement ground-breaking digital technologies for healthcare management and public health studies.